Internal-combustion engine.



PATENTED JULY 14', 1908.

J. A. TURB-BNS.. 4iNTERNAL COMBUSTIUN ENGINE.

APPLICATION TILE@ MAY 15.1908.

@SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 893,400. PATENTED JULY 14, 1908. J'. A. TORREN'S. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1 906.A

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UNITED sriirns PATENT onirica.

Joiauii- Tone-ENS, or coLERA'INE, IRELAND.'

mrnnnnncomsusrron ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

izatentea July-14,1908.

Application led- Hay 15, 1908. Serial N'o. "133,121,

nal combustion engines having automatically actuated inlet and exhaust valves -controlled by a single mechanicall operated valve situated between those va ves and the cylinder of the engine, and' consists in certain im' proveniente in the construction and operation of such engines which have for their main object the produc-tion of a simple and eflicient reversible single or multiple cylinder engine.

y The present invention further consists in the construction whereintlie controlling or main valve works in a valve chest integral with the side of the cylinder and the inlet and exhaust valves are mounted in a detachable valve boxbolted tio the 'main valve chest and subdivided to forni inlet and exhaust passages. At the beginning of the exhaust stroke the main valve is opened and remains open until the end of the suction'stroke, the spring urged exhaust and inlet valves in the meantime opening and closing automaticallyI according to the conditions of pressure obtaining in the cylinder. During the compression and working strokes the main valve remains closed. Such an arrangement of valves and cycle of operations have been reviously used or proposed in internal conigustion engines but in such engines the method of operating the main valve has precluded any reversing of the engine. Since, according to vthe present invention, theoperation of the main valve is symmetrical with respect to the eri ine cycle, being successively open and close during two strokes for either direction of running of thel engine, it is obvious that with automatic inlet and exhaust valves the engine will Work equally Well in either direction.

The preferred arrangement of valves acqn cording to the present invention is illustrated with respect to a two cylinderengine in the accompanying diawings,:in which n Figure 1 is a part sectional elevation showing all the parts necessary for the understanding of the invention; Fig. 2 1s a central section at right angles to that of-Fig. 1 of the` v iently engine cylinder and main valve chest;

l 1s a plan vview of the inlet and exhaust va ve box, and Fig. Ll a section thereof.

Y As therein shown the main valve chest a, is not in the customary Wa detachably connectedwith the engine cy inders, but is cast on the side of the same and integral there-- with and the cast iron inlet and exhaust valve box b bolted onunder the main valve eol chest by the two bolts a', aco per asket b Y around the face of the seat of t e et valve or of both inlet and exhaust valvesinsuring a V tight joint where necessary between the twof` casings. This valve box is subdivided by'a artition cinto two compartments d, e, in the former of which are two inlet valves f vand in the latter the two exhaust valves g. The partition is arranged to lead the exhaust gases past the inlet valve compartment on their assage to the exhaust pipe h so as to heat t e casing Where the air and oil spray from the carbureter, which may be convenplaced 'immediately over the inlet passage z, enters the inlet valve box.

The spindle of the main valve lc is guided in a tubular guide y' screwed into orother- Wise secured to the underside of the main valve chest a and extending downwardlyl through a recess b2 formed-in the edge of the valve box b for this purpose. The end of the guide j forms the iixed abutment for the returning spring c of the valve. The'valve spindle is actuated by means of a suitably guided and Weighted or spring-urgedtappet l carrying aroller l which bears on a cam m on the half time shaft m.

` The main valve 7c 'acts in a known Way in conjunction with the main valve chest o., which is unjacketed, to vaporize thecharge moment before entering the cylinder from said chest by way of the horizontal inlet a.

The valve is designed todeflect the entering charge against the hot sides of the valvev -.0'6" of fuel or heat the air at thel last possible'A suieabiyguidln1ins wah-the valve, Spia- -dle but with clearance enough between'the adjacent ends to give the required amount offres opening to the valve.

It Will be evident that by the construction 4herein described and illustrated pi es and casting b.

pipe-joints i areI practically .entire y .done away with, and that nevertheless all parts of vthe engine dealt within the present'invention are readily accessible simply by slacking oflthetwo bolts a andbreaking joint at` the exhaust pipe so as to' be able toremove `the Iiaying4 thus (maritaly the maure of this invention and the best means'I know of carrying the same intoy practical effect, I claim bination, an engine 'cylinder having a main l 1. In'internal combustion engines, in comvalve 'chest at one'sidethereof and communicating therewith, y'a 4valve box detach- .ablysecured' to said chest and having inlet andexhaust chambers communicating with .said chest, a main valve controlling com- ".municationbetwe'en said chest andthe engine cylinder, `inlet and'ex'h'ast valves controlling the/communication between Vsaid .chest an'd'said valve .boxf means acting to holdsaid several valves :normally seated and means for positively 'operating said main valve.

2.. In internal combustion engines, in combination, an engine cylinder having a main valve -chest at one sidethereof and communicating therewith, a valve box detach- .ably-secured to said chest, a partition in said valve b ox dividing the same into inlet and exhaust chambers, the passage of the products of combustion through the latter heating the former and the explosive fuelpassing valves normally seated andmeans `for positivelyoperating said main valve.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of u u n C' two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN TORRENS.

Witnesses:

SAMUEL CUNNINGHAM, WILLIAM IRWIN CUNNINGHAIV, 

